Parts of speech what is of

I like cats and dogs. I like dogs but I don't like cats. Interjection short exclamation, sometimes inserted into a sentence oh! That hurts! How are you? Well , I don't know. Others say At EnglishClub, we use the more recent categorization of 9 parts of speech. Examples of other categorizations are: Verbs may be treated as two different parts of speech: lexical Verbs work, like, run auxiliary Verbs be, have, must Determiners may be treated as adjectives, instead of being a separate part of speech.

She likes big snakes but I hate them. Nobody has the right to obey. This is my dog. David Garrick was a very prominent eighteenth-century actor. Sarah Siddons was at the height of her career as an actress in the s. The manager was trying to write a want ad, but he couldn't decide whether he was advertising for a "waiter" or a "waitress" Noun Plurals Most nouns change their form to indicate number by adding "-s" or "-es", as illustrated in the following pairs of sentences: When Matthew was small he rarely told the truth if he thought he was going to be punished.

Many people do not believe that truths are self-evident. As they walked through the silent house, they were startled by an unexpected echo. I like to shout into the quarry and listen to the echoes that return. He tripped over a box left carelessly in the hallway. Since we are moving, we will need many boxes. Some words ending in "f" form the plural by deleting "f" and adding "ves," and words ending in "y" form the plural by deleting the "y" and adding "ies," as in the following pairs of sentences: The harbour at Marble Mountain has one wharf.

There are several wharves in Halifax Harbour. Warsaw is their favourite city because it reminds them of their courtship. The vacation my grandparents won includes trips to twelve European cities. The children circled around the headmaster and shouted, "Are you a mouse or a man? Possessive Nouns In the possessive case, a noun or pronoun changes its form to show that it owns or is closely related to something else.

The only luggage that was lost was the prime minister's. The exhausted recruits were woken before dawn by the drill sergeant's screams. The miner's face was covered in coal dust. You can form the possessive case of a singular noun that ends in "s" by adding an apostrophe alone or by adding an apostrophe and "s," as in the following examples: The bus's seats are very uncomfortable.

The bus' seats are very uncomfortable. The film crew accidentally crushed the platypus's eggs. The film crew accidentally crushed the platypus' eggs. Felicia Hemans's poetry was once more popular than Lord Byron's. Felicia Hemans' poetry was once more popular than Lord Byron's. You can form the possessive case of a plural noun that does not end in "s" by adding an apostrophe and a "s," as in the following examples: The children's mittens were scattered on the floor of the porch. The sheep's pen was mucked out every day.

Since we have a complex appeal process, a jury's verdict is not always final. The men's hockey team will be playing as soon as the women's team is finished. The hunter followed the moose's trail all morning but lost it in the afternoon.

You can form the possessive case of a plural noun that does end in "s" by adding an apostrophe: The concert was interrupted by the dogs' barking, the ducks' quacking, and the babies' squalling. The janitors' room is downstairs and to the left. My uncle spent many hours trying to locate the squirrels' nest. The archivist quickly finished repairing the diaries' bindings. Religion is usually the subject of the roommates' many late night debates. Using Possessive Nouns When you read the following sentences, you will notice that a noun in the possessive case frequently functions as an adjective modifying another noun: The miner's face was covered in coal dust.

The concert was interrupted by the dogs' barking, the ducks' quacking, and the babies' squalling. Proper Nouns You always write a proper noun with a capital letter, since the noun represents the name of a specific person, place, or thing. A proper noun is the opposite of a common noun In each of the following sentences, the proper nouns are highlighted : The Marroons were transported from Jamaica and forced to build the fortifications in Halifax.

Many people dread Monday mornings. Beltane is celebrated on the first of May. Abraham appears in the Talmud and in the Koran. Common Nouns A common noun is a noun referring to a person, place, or thing in a general sense -- usually, you should write it with a capital letter only when it begins a sentence.

In each of the following sentences, the common nouns are highlighted : According to the sign , the nearest town is 60 miles away.

All the gardens in the neighbourhood were invaded by beetles this summer. I don't understand why some people insist on having six different kinds of mustard in their cupboards. The road crew was startled by the sight of three large moose crossing the road. Many child-care workers are underpaid.

Sometimes you will make proper nouns out of common nouns, as in the following examples: The tenants in the Garnet Apartments are appealing the large and sudden increase in their rent.

The meals in the Bouncing Bean Restaurant are less expensive than meals in ordinary restaurants. Many witches refer to the Renaissance as the Burning Times.

The Diary of Anne Frank is often a child's first introduction to the history of the Holocaust. Concrete Nouns A concrete noun is a noun which names anything or anyone that you can perceive through your physical senses: touch, sight, taste, hearing, or smell. The highlighted words in the following sentences are all concrete nouns: The judge handed the files to the clerk. Whenever they take the dog to the beach , it spends hours chasing waves.

The real estate agent urged the couple to buy the second house because it had new shingles. As the car drove past the park , the thump of a disco tune overwhelmed the string quartet's rendition of a minuet. The book binder replaced the flimsy paper cover with a sturdy, cloth-covered board. Abstract Nouns An abstract noun is a noun which names anything which you can not perceive through your five physical senses, and is the opposite of a concrete noun. The highlighted words in the following sentences are all abstract nouns: Buying the fire extinguisher was an afterthought.

Tillie is amused by people who are nostalgic about childhood. Justice often seems to slip out of our grasp. Some scientists believe that schizophrenia is transmitted genetically.

Countable Nouns A countable noun or count noun is a noun with both a singular and a plural form, and it names anything or anyone that you can count. In each of the following sentences, the highlighted words are countable nouns: We painted the table red and the chairs blue. Since he inherited his aunt's library , Jerome spends every weekend indexing his books. Miriam found six silver dollars in the toe of a sock. The oak tree lost three branches in the hurricane. Over the course of twenty-seven years , Martha Ballad delivered just over eight hundred babies.

Non-Countable Nouns A non-countable noun or mass noun is a noun which does not have a plural form, and which refers to something that you could or would not usually count.

The highlighted words in the following sentences are non-countable nouns: Joseph Priestly discovered oxygen. The word "oxygen" cannot normally be made plural. Oxygen is essential to human life. You cannot make the noun "furniture" plural. The furniture is heaped in the middle of the room. Since "furniture" is a non-countable noun, it takes a singular verb, "is heaped.

You cannot make the non-countable noun "gravel" plural. Gravel is more expensive than I thought. Since "gravel" is a non-countable noun, it takes the singular verb form "is. In each of the following sentences, the highlighted word is a collective noun: The flock of geese spends most of its time in the pasture. The collective noun "flock" takes the singular verb "spends. Here the collective noun "committee" takes a singular verb, "meets. Personal Pronouns A personal pronoun refers to a specific person or thing and changes its form to indicate person, number, gender, and case.

Subjective Personal Pronouns A subjective personal pronoun indicates that the pronoun is acting as the subject of the sentence. You are surely the strangest child I have ever met. He stole the selkie's skin and forced her to live with him. When she was a young woman, she earned her living as a coal miner. After many years, they returned to their homeland. We will meet at the library at p.

It is on the counter. Are you the delegates from Malagawatch? Objective Personal Pronouns An objective personal pronoun indicates that the pronoun is acting as an object of a verb, compound verb, preposition, or infinitive phrase. The pronoun "it" is the direct object of the verb "threw. Here the objective personal pronoun "us" is the direct object of the compound verb "will meet.

Here the objective personal pronoun "me" is the object of the preposition "to. Here the objective personal pronoun "her" is the object of the infinitive phrase "to see. Here the possessive pronoun "mine" functions as a subject complement.

This is yours. Here too the possessive pronoun "yours" functions as a subject complement. His is on the kitchen counter. In this example, the possessive pronoun "his" acts as the subject of the sentence.

Theirs will be delivered tomorrow. In this sentence, the possessive pronoun "theirs" is the subject of the sentence. Ours is the green one on the corner. Here too the possessive pronoun "ours" function as the subject of the sentence. Demonstrative Pronouns A demonstrative pronoun points to and identifies a noun or a pronoun.

In the following sentences, each of the highlighted words is a demonstrative pronoun: This must not continue. Here "this" is used as the subject of the compound verb "must not continue. Three customers wanted these. Here "these" is the direct object of the verb "wanted.

The highlighted word in each of the following sentences is an interrogative pronoun: Which wants to see the dentist first? Who wrote the novel Rockbound? Similarly "who" is the subject of the sentence. Whom do you think we should invite? In this sentence, "whom" is the object of the verb "invite.

Here the interrogative pronoun "whom " is the object of the preposition "to. In this example the interrogative pronoun "whom" is the object of the preposition "to. Here the interrogative pronoun "what" is the direct object of the verb "say. In each of the following sentences, the highlighted word is a relative pronoun. You may invite whomever you like to the party.

The relative pronoun "whomever" is the direct object of the compound verb "may invite. Here "whoever" functions as the subject of the verb "broke. The highlighted words in the following sentences are indefinite pronouns: Many were invited to the lunch but only twelve showed up.

Here "many" acts as the subject of the compound verb "were invited. In this example, "everything" acts as a subject of the compound verb "was thrown. In this sentence, "everything" is the direct object of theverb "donated.

Here "each" is the object of the preposition "to. Each of the highlighted words in the following sentences is a reflexive pronoun: Diabetics give themselves insulin shots several times a day. The Dean often does the photocopying herself so that the secretaries can do more important work. After the party, I asked myself why I had faxed invitations to everyone in my office building.

Richard usually remembered to send a copy of his e-mail to himself. Although the landlord promised to paint the apartment, we ended up doing it ourselves. Intensive Pronouns An intensive pronoun is a pronoun used to emphasise its antecedent. The highlighted words in the following sentences are intensive pronouns: I myself believe that aliens should abduct my sister.

The Prime Minister himself said that he would lower taxes. They themselves promised to come to the party even though they had a final exam at the same time. In the following examples, the highlighted words are adjectives: The truck-shaped balloon floated over the treetops. In the sentence above, the antecedent for the pronoun she is the girl. Pronouns are further defined by type: personal pronouns refer to specific persons or things; possessive pronouns indicate ownership; reflexive pronouns are used to emphasize another noun or pronoun; relative pronouns introduce a subordinate clause; and demonstrative pronouns identify, point to, or refer to nouns.

The young girl brought me a very long letter from the teacher, and then she quickly disappeared. The verb in a sentence expresses action or being. There is a main verb and sometimes one or more helping verbs. A verb must agree with its subject in number both are singular or both are plural. Verbs also take different forms to express tense. An adjective is a word used to modify or describe a noun or a pronoun.

It usually answers the question of which one, what kind, or how many. Articles [a, an, the] are usually classified as adjectives. An adverb describes or modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb, but never a noun. It usually answers the questions of when, where, how, why, under what conditions, or to what degree.

Adverbs often end in -ly. A preposition is a word placed before a noun or pronoun to form a phrase modifying another word in the sentence.